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Total Knee Replacement: Surgery, Recovery Timeline & Risks 2025 Guide
At a glance: Total knee replacement is an effective option for advanced osteoarthritis when conservative measures fail—aiming to reduce pain and restore function.
What Is Total Knee Replacement?
Total knee replacement (TKR) is a proven surgical treatment for advanced knee osteoarthritis (gonarthrosis), designed to provide durable pain relief and restore functional capacity. The goal is an efficient, stable, pain-free joint and a higher quality of daily life.
Osteoarthritis develops when articular cartilage deteriorates due to age-related wear, biomechanical overload or prior injury. Pain often starts in the 40s and progressively worsens—initially with weight-bearing and later even at rest. Associated stiffness and limited motion make stair use, squatting and other activities difficult.
With appropriate patient selection and sound technique, knee arthroplasty frequently results in substantial pain relief, restoration of range of motion and a safe return to daily activities.
Who Is a Candidate?
- Imaging shows advanced cartilage loss.
- Persistent rest pain and significant functional limitation.
- Inadequate response to conservative therapy (medications, injections, physical therapy).
What Affects Implant Longevity?
Longevity is influenced by surgical technique, implant design, bone quality, body weight and activity level. Contemporary series typically report an average lifespan of 15–25 years.
Surgery & Hospital Course
- Anesthesia & Surgery: Patient-specific planning with safe execution.
- Pain Control: Multimodal analgesia and early mobilization.
- Discharge: Typically a short hospital stay followed by a home program.
Potential Risks & How to Reduce Them
- Infection: Sterile technique, antibiotic prophylaxis and wound care.
- Thrombosis: Early ambulation and appropriate clot-prevention strategy.
- Loosening/Fracture: Accurate implant positioning and graded activity progression.
Disclaimer: This information is general; decisions are individualized after a clinical evaluation.
Pain & Recovery Timeline
- Weeks 0–2: Pain reduction begins; assisted ambulation.
- Weeks 2–6: Improving range of motion and strength.
- Weeks 6–12: Gradual return to daily activities (per surgeon’s clearance).
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is a candidate for TKR?
Patients with advanced cartilage loss, rest pain and functional limitation despite conservative treatment.
How long does an implant last?
On average 15–25 years; body weight, activity and technique play major roles.
When will I walk?
Most patients walk with assistance on day one, then progress with a personalized physiotherapy plan.
How can I reduce risks?
Early mobilization, appropriate thromboprophylaxis, wound care and following medical advice.
